371 DECAY
nites in contact with oxygen. Absorbed by skin. fatty odor. D 0.831–0.838 (15C), refr index
TLV: 0.05 ppm. 1.427–1.431 (20C). Soluble in 80% alcohol, fixed
Use: Catalyst, corrosion inhibitor, fuel additive, sta- oils, volatile oils, mineral oil; insoluble in water and
bilizer, rayon delustrant, mothproofing agent, dye-
glycerol. Combustible.
stripping agent, reducing agent, fluxing agent, oxy-
Derivation: Occurs in lemon grass, citronella, or-
gen scavenger, propellant.
ange, and many other oils. Synthetically by oxida-
tion of the corresponding alcohol or reduction of the
acid.
decachlorooctahydro-1,2,4-metheno-2H-
Grade: Technical, FCC.
cyclobuta[cd]-pentalen-2-one. See
Use: Perfumery, flavoring.
kepone.
decafentin.
n-decane. (decyl hydride).
CAS: 15652-38-7. mf: C
28
H
36
P•C
18
H
15
BrClSn.
CAS: 124-18-5. CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
CH
3
.
Hazard: A poison by skin contact. Moderately toxic
Properties: Colorless liquid. D 0.7298, bp 174C, fp
by ingestion. TWA 0.1 mg(Sn)/m
3
; STEL 0.2
−30C, refr index 1.4114 (20C), flash p 111F (44C)
mg(Sn)/m
3
(skin).
(CC), autoign temp 482F (250C). Soluble in alco-
Use: A pesticide.
hol; insoluble in water. Combustible.
Grade: Technical, 95%, 99%, research.
decaglycerol. See polyglycerol.
Hazard: Moderate fire risk. Narcotic.
Use: Organic synthesis, solvent, standardized hydro-
decahydronaphthalene.
carbon, jet-fuel research.
CAS: 91-17-8. C
10
H
18
. cis and trans forms are
known.
decanedioic acid. See sebacic acid.
Properties: Colorless liquid; aromatic odor. cis:d
0.8927 (20/4C), fp −43.2C, bp 194.6C, refr index
decanoic acid. See capric acid.
1.48113 (20C). trans: d 0.8700 (20/4C), fp −31.5C,
bp 185.5C, refr index 1.46968 (20C). Flash p 136F
1-decanol. (n-decyl alcohol; alcohol C-10).
(57.7C) (CC), autoign temp 482F (250C). Insoluble
CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
CH
2
OH.
in water; soluble in alcohol and ether. Combustible.
Properties: Colorless, water-white liquid; sweet
Derivation: By treatment of naphthalene in a fused
odor. D 0.829, bp 232.9C, mp 6C, flash p 180F (OC)
state (above 100C) with hydrogen in the presence of
(82.2C); refr index 1.4372 (20C). Insoluble in water
a copper or nickel catalyst.
(25C); soluble in alcohol and ether. Combustible.
Grade: Technical.
Derivation: Reduction of coconut-oil fatty acids,
Hazard: Moderate fire risk. Irritant to eyes and skin.
from C
9
olefin and synthesis gas, by the Oxo process.
Use: Solvent for oils, fats, waxes, resins, rubber, etc.
Grade: Technical, high purity.
Substitute for turpentine; cleaning machinery; stain-
Use: Plasticizers, detergents, synthetic lubricants,
remover; shoe creams; floor waxes; cleaning fluids;
solvents, perfumes, flavorings, antifoam agent.
lubricants; motor-fuel additive.
decanoyl chloride. (sometimes called ca-
⌬-decalactone. Artificial flavoring for marga-
proyl chloride). CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
COCl. Available in bot-
rine. Approved by FDA.
tles, carboys, and drums. Intermediate, polymeriza-
tion initiator.
“Decalin” [Du Pont]. TM for decahydrona-
phthalene.
decanoyl peroxide.
CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
C(O)OOC(O)(CH
2
)
8
CH
3
.
decamethrin. (1R-(1-␣(S*),3-␣))-cyano(3-phe-
Properties: Soft, white granules. Mp 38–42C (de-
noxyphenyl)methyl-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-
composes). Insoluble in water and alcohol; soluble
dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate).
in ether and benzene.
CAS: 52918-63-5.
Hazard: Strong oxidizer, fire risk in contact with
Use: Insecticide.
organic materials.
Use: Polymerization catalyst.
decamethyltetrasiloxane. C
10
H
30
O
3
Si
4
.
Properties: Colorless liquid. Bp 195C, fp −70C, d
decarboxylase. One of a group of enzymes in the
0.853, refr index 1.34. Soluble in light hydrocarbons
living cell that removes carbon dioxide from various
and benzene; slightly soluble in alcohol. Stable over
carboxylic acids without oxidation.
wide temperature range.
Use: Silicone oils, antifoam agent in lubricating oils.
decay. Spontaneous disintegration of an unstable
n-decanal. (capraldehyde; capric aldehyde; n- atomic nucleus (e.g., uranium, radium), with emis-
decyl aldehyde; aldehyde C-10). sion of ␣, , and ␥ radiation, and eventual formation
CH
3
(CH
2
)
8
CHO. of another element of lower atomic weight.
Properties: Colorless to light-yellow liquid; floral- See radioactivity; half-life.